Distinguishing between an eye allergy and an eye infection is essential for proper treatment and care. While both conditions can lead to discomfort and redness in the eyes, understanding their distinctive features can help determine the appropriate course of action for relief and recovery. An optical care expert discusses more here.
Eye Allergy: Recognizing the Signs
An eye allergy, also known as allergic conjunctivitis, occurs when the eyes react to allergens such as pollen, pet dander, dust mites or mold. These allergens trigger an immune response that causes inflammation of the conjunctiva, the thin tissue covering the white part of the eye and the inside of the eyelids. Common symptoms of eye allergies include the following:
- Itching: Intense itching in and around the eyes is a hallmark of eye allergies. The urge to rub the eyes can exacerbate symptoms and potentially introduce more irritants.
- Redness: Eyes often become red and bloodshot due to the inflammation triggered by the allergic response.
- Watery Discharge: Clear, watery discharge is a common symptom of eye allergies. This discharge is not typically thick or colored.
- Sensitivity to Light: Some individuals with eye allergies may experience sensitivity to light, known as photophobia.
- Seasonal Patterns: Eye allergies often follow a seasonal pattern, with symptoms worsening during specific times of the year when allergens are prevalent.
Eye Infection: Recognizing the Signs
An eye infection, on the other hand, is caused by harmful microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses or fungi. These pathogens invade the eye’s surface or surrounding tissues, leading to infection and subsequent symptoms. The signs of an eye infection include the following:
- Pain and Discomfort: Eye infections can cause pain, a sensation of grittiness or general discomfort in and around the eye.
- Redness: Similar to eye allergies, redness is a common indicator of an eye infection. However, infections may be associated with more intense and localized redness.
- Discharge: Unlike the clear, watery discharge of allergies, an eye infection may produce a thicker, colored discharge. This can be yellow, green, or white, indicating the presence of infectious agents.
- Crusting and Stickiness: An infected eye might develop crusting along the eyelashes, leading to stickiness upon waking.
- Spread of Symptoms: Eye infections can be contagious and may spread to the other eye or to other individuals through direct contact or shared items like towels.
Seeking Proper Care
While eye allergies and eye infections share some common symptoms, their underlying causes and treatments differ. Consulting an eye doctor is crucial for an accurate diagnosis and effective management. If you suspect an eye allergy, avoiding allergens and using over-the-counter antihistamine eye drops might provide relief. For suspected infections, a healthcare provider can prescribe appropriate medications, such as antibiotics or antivirals, to combat the underlying pathogens.
Take Care of Your Eyes
If you’re experiencing any discomfort or unusual symptoms in your eyes, call Alderwood Optical & Canyon Park Vision Clinic at (425) 771-8472 (Lynnwood) or (425) 485-0430 (Bothell). You may also fill out our convenient online form to schedule an eye exam with our optometrist.